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Chicago Police Department POWER TEST (Peace Officer Wellness Evaluation Report)

Chicago Police Department Supt. Jody Weis is a wellness, fitness and exercise advocate for his members.

“It is essential that recruits begin the academy with a minimum level of physical fitness to ensure safe and successful participation in training,” according to a statement of the Chicago Police Department released Friday, March 13, 2009.

Under the State of Illinois POWER test (Peace Officer Wellness Evaluation Report), a man in his 20’s must do a minimum of 37 sit-ups in a minute and run 1.5 miles in 13:46. A woman in her 20’s is required to do 31 sit-ups and run the same distance in 16:21. The test also includes a bench press and a sit-and-reach (flexibility) evaluation.

Male
Female
TEST
21-29
30-35
21-29
30-35
1. Sit and Reach
16.0
15.0
18.8
17.8
2. One-Minute Sit-Up
37
34
31
24
3. Maximum Bench Press Ratio
(ratio of weight pushed divided by body weight)
0.98
0.87
0.58
0.52
4. 1.5 Mile Run
13.46
14.31
16.21
16.52

Several recruits typically fail in each class. New recruits are given the option of resigning or getting in shape for the next class. The POWER test is videotaped for legal documentation.

The City of Chicago is pushing for mandatory fitness tests for veteran officers. Failing officers would be assigned a trainer and be recommended special diets. Details and resolution are part of ongoing contract negotiations with the police union.

Currently, veteran officers may volunteer to take the POWER test and get a $250 award if they pass. There’s no remedial action if they flunk.

Posted in Health Fitness News, Police OfficersComments (1)

Chicago Police Riot Preparation for Election Day: The Real Test for the Police Officer is On the Job with Preparation

Be prepared. Here’s what many Chicago Police department officers were inclined to remember with the potential for riots near Chicago Grant Park — the location of Barack Obama’s president-elect victory rally.

The Chicago Police administration gives out the do’s and don’ts for election day. Something about no cargo pants … only thin 80/20 uniform pants.  NO cargo pants means less pockets to store survival gear, and obviously less comfortable and less durable for the nights festivities.  Officers complain that administrators are more concerned with appearance — mandating a tie instead of an open collar or dickie. That gives offenders the chance to use the neck tie to choke me an officer. Regarding the shiny hats that will be easily lost including the shield. A poster on a blog says the hat and shield will make a great souvenir for a rioter and grounds for a 3-day suspension for losing the shield from Jody (Chicago Police Superintendent Jody Weis). Regarding the shiny shoes dress shoes worn in the academy? The shoes might look great for the media, adds the blogger, but will serve no purpose in a fight, foot chase or when standing for 15 hours during shift and extra duty.

A collection of tips from the author and commenters …
For mobile patrol, flip the child safety locks on rear doors and don’t forget to test them.

When deploying OC, gauge the wind. Also, remember that the wind is affected by nearby structures and will swirl, even double back on itself. Be sure of your environment.

If the Gas Teams come by, get the hell out of Dodge. Their purpose was to hose down a crowd and get them moving. Chances are the crowd is moving toward you and chances are they’re pissed. An orderly tactical withdrawal isn’t a bad idea.

KNOW YOUR LOCATION AT ALL TIMES

Use ziptie’s and if you never used them make sure you figure out how.

Bring your glasses in case you get maced.

Carry snacks (preferably high protein sports nutrition/meal replacement bars) and water.

Carry extra radio batteries.

Stay with the PO who has the radio at all times.

Ladies: tie up that hair.

Guys: wear cups.

Make sure your pocket knives are not easily accessible to others.

Carry a fully charged cell phone b/c that will be your radio.

Wear clear plastic “wrap around” safety glasses. The places that sell high end sunglasses have the ones with ballistic protection.

THE MOST IMPORTANT … MAKE SURE YOU AND YOUR PARTNER STAY SAFE, AND GO HOME SAFE!

SOURCE:
SECOND CITY COP Riot Prep

Posted in Police OfficersComments Off

Flight Medical Certification

The FAA-acceptable level blood pressure level is 155/95 or below for medical certification. Levels consistently above 140/90 should also be of concern.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

FAA Disqualifying Medical Conditions
The following conditions are listed in the regulations as disqualifying medical conditions; however, in many cases when the condition is adequately controlled, the FAA will issue medical certification contingent on periodic reports.

Angina pectoris
Bipolar disease
Cardiac valve replacement
Coronary heart disease that has been treated or, if untreated, that has been symptomatic or clinically significant
Diabetes mellitus requiring hypoglycemic medications
Disturbance of consciousness without satisfactory explanation of cause
Epilepsy
Heart replacement
Myocardial infarction
Permanent cardiac pacemaker
Personality disorder that is severe enough to have repeatedly manifested itself by overt acts
Psychosis
Substance abuse
Substance dependence
Transient loss of control of nervous system function(s) without satisfactory explanation of cause.

Other conditions not specifically listed in the regulations are also disqualifying. For further information refer to the Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners.

Coronary Artery Disease

Including heart attack, bypass surgery, stent placement, and angioplasty

The coronary arteries are the blood vessels that run along the outside of the heart and provide the heart muscle with it’s own blood supply. The term “coronary artery disease (CAD)” means the development of areas of narrowing in the coronary arteries, usually due to cholesterol deposits. Commonly, the first indication that an individual has developed CAD is the presence of chest pain (angina pectoris), usually with exertion. We believe now that most heart attacks (myocardial infarctions) are the result of a blood clot that forms in one of these narrowed areas and suddenly stops the flow of blood through the artery.

There are several different treatments available now for these conditions. These include medication, bypass surgery, angioplasty (the “balloon” procedure), stent implantation, and atherectomy. One thing that all these individuals have in common is the need for risk factor modification. This includes things like smoking cessation, weight control, regular exercise, and cholesterol control.

The Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 67) identify significant CAD, angina pectoris, and a history of myocardial infarction as disqualifying medical conditions. Part 67.401 states that, in order to obtain a special medical certificate, any applicant with one or more of these conditions must prove “to the satisfaction of the Federal Air Surgeon that the duties authorized by the class of medical certificate applied for can be performed without endangering public safety.” What this really means is that if you have one of these conditions, then there is extra testing that you must do to show that you are still safe to operate aircraft. The following paragraphs outline what is needed.

Before certification can be considered, a six-month recovery period must elapse. If the applicant has had a heart attack, then this allows time for the heart to adequately heal. If the individual has undergone a procedure, the most likely time that a restenosis (renarrowing) will occur is during the first six months. After this time, complications are much less likely.

The following is required for Class III (recreational and private pilot duty) applicants:

  1. Hospital admission summary (history and physical), coronary catheterization report, operative report and discharge summary regarding your infarction, angina, bypass surgery or angioplasty.

  2. A current cardiovascular evaluation. This evaluation must include an assessment of personal and family medical history, a clinical cardiac examination and general physical examination, an assessment and statement regarding the applicant’s medications, functional capacity, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, motivation for any necessary change and prognosis for incapacitation during the certification period; and a current report of fasting blood sugar and a blood lipid profile to include: total cholesteraol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides.
  3. A maximal ECG treadmill stress test must be performed no sooner than 6-months post event. All stress testing should achieve 100 percent of maximal predicted heart rate unless medically contraindicated or prevented either by symptoms, conditioning, or concurrent use of medication; such as, B-blockers, calcium channel blockers (spec. diltiazem and verapamil), and/or digitalis preparations. With the consent of the attending physician, these medications should be discontinued for at least 48 hours prior to testing in order to attain maximal stress.

[The blood pressure/pulse recordings at various stages and actual electrocardiographic tracings must be submitted. Tracings must include a rhythm strip and a full 12-lead ECG recorded at rest (supine and standing) and during hyperventilation while standing, as well as one or more times during each stage of exercise, at the end of each stage, at peak exercise, and every minute during recovery for at least 5-minutes or until the tracings return to baseline level. The worksheet and interpretive report must be submitted.]

The following is required for Class I and Class II applicants:

  1. First- and second-class certificates may be issued only by AAM-300 and only upon the recommendation of one or more of the Federal Air Surgeon’s consultants, providing the requirements of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 from above (for class III) are met. Six-month post event coronary angiography is required, and dynamic radionuclide myocardial perfusion must reveal no evidence of ischemia or significant myocardial dysfunction.

  2. Consideration for the issuance of a functionally limited second-class certificate (e.g., “Not Valid for Carrying Passengers or Cargo for Compensation or Hire”, etc.) is reserved for AAM-300. Requests for consideration must be accompanied by a completed Operational Questionnaire (FAA Form 8500-20).

See also:
faa.gov/pilots/medical

flightsafety.org

Related Google Searches:
pilot certification blood pressure

Posted in FAA Medical Cert.Comments Off

Police Officer Human Factors, Requirements & Fitness

In most countries, candidates for the police force must have completed some formal education. Increasing numbers of people are joining the police force who possess tertiary education and in response to this many police forces have developed a “fast-track” scheme whereby those with university degrees spend 2-3 years as a police constable before receiving promotion to higher ranks, such as sergeants, inspectors etc. (Officers who work within investigative divisions or plainclothes are not necessarily a higher rank but merely do a slightly different job.) Police officers are also recruited from those with experience in the military or security services. Most law enforcement agencies now have measurable physical fitness requirements for officers. In the United States state laws may codify state-wide qualification standards regarding age, education, criminal record, and training but in other places requirements are set by local police agencies.

Police agencies are usually semi-military in organization, so that with specified experience or training qualifications officers become eligible for promotion to a higher supervisory rank, such as sergeant. Promotion is not automatic and usually requires the candidate to pass some kind of examination, interview board or other selection procedure. Although promotion normally includes an increase in salary, it also brings with it an increase in responsibility and for most, an increase in administrative paperwork. Unlike military service, it is not unusual for police officers to remain or choose to remain at lower levels, never getting promoted. There is no stigma attached to this – experienced line patrol officers are highly regarded.

After completing a certain period of service, officers may also apply for specialist positions, such as detective, police dog handler, mounted police officer, motorcycle officer, water police officer, or firearms officer (in forces which are not routinely armed).

Dangers and rewards of being a police officer
Due to the unpredictable nature of law enforcement, police officers have the potential to encounter many dangerous situations in the course of their career. Dangers faced by officers include death, increased risk of infectious diseases, increased risk of physical injury, and the potential for emotional disorder due to both the high stress and inherently adversarial nature of police work. These dangers are encountered in many different situations e.g. the investigation, pursuit, and apprehension of criminals, motor vehicle stops, crimes, response to terrorism, intervention in domestic disputes, investigating traffic accidents, and directing traffic. The constant risk, uncertainty and tension inherent in law enforcement and the exposure to vast amounts of human suffering and violence can lead susceptible individuals to anxiety, depression, and alcoholism.

Individuals are drawn to police work for many reasons. Among these often include a desire to protect the public and social order from criminals and danger; a desire to hold a position of respect and authority; a disdain for or antipathy towards criminals and rule breakers; the professional challenges of the work; the employment benefits that are provided with civil service jobs in many countries; the sense of camaraderie that often holds among police; or a family tradition of police work or civil service. An important task of the recruitment activity of police agencies in many countries is screening potential candidates to determine the fitness of their character and personality for the work, often through background investigations and consultation with a psychologist. Even though police work is very dangerous, police officers are still needed by everyone to “protect and serve”. As a result, police officers are generally held in high regard by the population they serve. This can vary from country to country however, depending on past experiences with the police or general national perception.

Line of duty deaths
Line of duty deaths occur while an officer is on a duty shift or special detail at work. Despite the increased risk of being a victim of a homicide, automobile accidents are the most common cause of officer deaths. Officers are more likely to be involved in traffic accidents because of their large amount of time spent conducting vehicle patrols, as well as their work outside their vehicles alongside or on the roadway, or in dangerous pursuits. Officers killed by suspects make up a smaller proportion of deaths. In the U.S. in 2005, 159 line of duty deaths were recorded of which 44% were from assaults on officers, 35% vehicle related (only 3% during vehicular pursuits) and the rest from other causes: heart attacks during arrests/foot pursuits, diseases contracted from suspects, accidental gun discharges, falls, and drownings.

Deaths in recent years:
2007 | 2006 (147) | 2005 (159) | 2004 (162) | 2003 (147)

Personal Equipment
A typical police officer, dependent on duties may carry various equipment on their duty belt, to assist them in performing their duties. The equipment carried typically includes some or all of the following:

body armor
radio or communications equipment and PDA.
night stick/truncheon/baton.
restraints – handcuffs and/or Plasticuffs
A notebook for recording incident information, taking down statements, etc
Pencil or pen.
Pepper spray, PAVA Spray or CS gas
Sidearm and tasers (in jurisdictions where police are armed)
Badge, Warrant Card or ID
Evidence bags
Flashlights
Hi-vis jacket/vest (doubles as a water proof garment)
latex gloves

CLICK HERE to VIEW/REFRESH list below …

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Illinois State Police Fitness Test for Officer Applicants (Officer Candidates)

Illinois State Police Fitness Test — “Physical Fitness Requirement”
Four-Item Physical Fitness Requirement For Officer Applicants
Practical exercise performance requirements are physical activities related to law enforcement tasks. The following practical exercise performance requirements have been identified and must be satisfactorily performed for successful completion of the Merit Board’s Physical Fitness requirement.
As with any new physical regimen, please consult your physician before beginning.
1. Sit and reach Test*
This is a measure of the flexibility of the lower back and upper leg area. It is an important area for performing police tasks that may involve range of motion and is important in minimizing lower back problems.The score is the distance, in inches, reached ona yard stick.
2. One Minute Sit-up Test
This is a measure of the muscular endurance of the abdominal muscles. It is an important area for performing police tasks that may involve the use of force. It is also important for maintaining good posture and minimizing lower back problems. The score is the number of correct sit-ups completed in one minute.
3. One Repetition Maximum Bench Press
This is the maximum weight pushed from the bench press position, measuring the amount of upper body force that can be generated. It is an important area for performing police tasks requiring upper body strength. The test will be conducted on a Universal DVR-Chest Press. The score is a ratio of weight pushed divided by body weight.
4. 1.5 Mile Run
This is a timed run to measure the heart and vascular systems’ capability to transport oxygen. It is an important area for performing police tasks involving stamina and endurance and to minimize the risk of cardiovascular problems. The score is in minutes and seconds.

How to Prepare for the Physical Fitness Test

1.  Preparing for the sit and reach test
Performing sitting type of stretching exercises daily will increase this area. Sit And Reach. Sit on the floor with legs straight. Slowly bend forward at the waist and extend fingertips toward the toes (keep legs straight). Hold for 10 second. Repeat 5 times. Towel Stretch. Sit on the floor with legs straight. Wrap a towel around feet, holding each end of the towel with one hand. Lean forward and pull gently on the towel, extending the torso toward toes. Hold for 10 seconds. Repeat 5 times.

2.  Preparing for the sit-up test
Do as many bent leg sit-ups (hands behind the head) as possible in one minute. This is the set number. Do 3 sets at a time, at least 3 times a week.

3.  Preparing for the 1 repetition maximum bench press
If weights are available, determine the maximum weight that can be bench pressed at one time. Calculate 60% of that weight to determine training weight. A set is 8 – 10 repetitions of that weight.Do 3 sets weekly, adding 2 ½ to 5 pounds every week. If weights are not available, push-up exercises can be utilized. Determine how many push-ups can be done in one minute. This is the set number.Do 3 sets at a time, at least 3 times a week.

4.  Preparing for the 1.5 mile run
Below is a gradual schedule that will enable a maximum effort for the 1.5 mile run. If possible, advance the schedule on a weekly basis, proceeding to the next level. If the distance can be covered in less time, that should be encouraged.

Walk Activity Distance Time Frequency
1 Walk 1 mile 20 minutes-17 minutes 5 times weekly
2 Walk 1.5 miles 29 minutes-25 minutes 5 times weekly
3 Walk 2 miles 35 minutes-32 minutes 5 times weekly
4 Walk 2 miles 30 minutes-28 minutes 5 times weekly
5 Walk/Jog 2 miles 27 minutes 5 times weekly
6 Walk/Jog 2 miles 26 minutes 5 times weekly
7 Walk/Jog 2 miles 25 minutes 5 times weekly
8 Walk/Jog 2 miles 24 minutes 4 times weekly
9 Jog 2 miles 23 minutes 4 times weekly
10 Jog 2 miles 22 minutes 4 times weekly
11 Jog 2 miles 21 minutes 4 times weekly
12 Jog 2 miles 20 minutes 4 times weekly

Illinois State Police Merit Board Physical Fitness Standards

Test Male Female
Age 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59
Sit & Reach
16.5in.
15.5in.
14.3in.
13.3in.
19.3in.
19.3in.
17.3in.
16.8in.
Per Minute Sit-up
38
35
29
24
32
25
20
14
Maximum Bench Press (% of total weight)
.99
.88
.80
.71
.59
.53
.50
.44
1.5 Mile Run
12:51
13:36
14:29
15:26
15:26
15:57
16:58
17:54

Source: Illinois State Police — isp.state.il.us

Posted in Police OfficersComments Off

Tests & Tryouts in Medicine, Fitness, Sports and Human Performance

A wide variety of tests are available to determine the physical ability of the human body and the likelihood of success or failure in work or sports human performance. Well-defined tests can be used to eliminate unsafe conditions, as in the case of medical fitness for airline or military pilots, real-time DUI tests for drivers or drug testing that looks for a history of substance abuse. Tests can be used to determine health status or detect disease and tests can be used to evaluate progress of treatment, rehabilitation, physical conditioning and sports-specific training.  Many tests are designed to find the best candidates for a team or workforce. Subjects may be tested serially, one at a time with appointments or in groups (in parallel), as in testing for sports teams, such as baseball showcases or the NFL Combine.

Tests may target a complex human performance, a standardized fitness-related performance, a particular organ’s function (heart, lung, thyroid, brain, kidney) or the presence or level of a single mineral, nutritional substance, hormone, drug or other chemical status. Tests may also determine the speed of a complex human performance, the speed of a simple task, the rate of organ performance, or the rate of a chemical or nutritional process.

Test results can produce an objective numerical value or reference range that usually can classify the result as pass/fail, normal or abnormal or in other cases below average, average, above average and excellent.

Subjective tests can use observation and evaluate holistic properties, such as structural integrity, coordination, individual awareness, team awareness, personality, attitude, creativity, adaptability and other complex actions during testing and performance.

Testing can have legal ramifications when subjects challenge the safety of the test, the validity of the test, the fairness of the test and the objectivity or lack of bias (e.g., racial, sexual) in the test.

Posted in Tests and TryoutsComments Off

Blood Test: Immunology Values in Human Physiology and Medicine

UNDER REVIEW AND EDITING: VALUES NOT CONFIRMED
A reference range is a set of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results. The range is usually defined as the set of values 95% of the normal population falls within.

The reference range will vary, depending on the age, sex and race of a population, and even the instruments the laboratory uses to perform the tests. Furthermore, by definition, 5% of the normal population will fall outside the reference range.

Category Test Low High Unit Comments
Acute phase protein markers of Inflammation Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 0 (Age, +10 if female)/2 mm/hr
C-reactive protein (CRP) 0 6 mg/L
Autoantibodies Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA)
Rheumatoid factor (RF) 0 20 IU/mL High levels not specific for Rheumatoid Arthritis alone.
Serology Antistreptolysin O titre (ASOT) – preschoolers n/a 100 units/mL
Antistreptolysin O titre (ASOT) – others n/a 200 units/mL

Posted in Lab TestsComments Off

Blood Test: Hematology Values in Human Physiology and Medicine

UNDER REVIEW AND EDITING: VALUES NOT CONFIRMED
A reference range is a set of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results. The range is usually defined as the set of values 95% of the normal population falls within.

The reference range will vary, depending on the age, sex and race of a population, and even the instruments the laboratory uses to perform the tests. Furthermore, by definition, 5% of the normal population will fall outside the reference range.

Category Test Low High Unit Comments
Red blood cells Haemoglobin (Hb) (male) 140 180 g/L Higher in neonates, lower in children.
Haemoglobin (Hb) (female) 115 160 g/L Sex difference negligible until adulthood.
Haematocrit (Hct) (male) 0.38 0.52
Haematocrit (Hct) (female) 0.35 0.47
Mean cell volume (MCV) 80 98 fL Cells are larger in neonates, though smaller in other children.
Mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) 26 34 pg
Red cell count (male) 4.5 6.5 x1012/L
Red cell count (female) 3.8 5.8 x1012/L
Reticulocytes 10 100 x109/L
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) n/a 20 mm/hr Females tend to have a higher ESR. ESR increases with age.
White blood cells The Total white blood cells 4 11 x109/L Higher in neonates and infants.
Neutrophil granulocytes 2 7.5 x109/L 45-74%. Also known as granulocytes (grans), polys, PMNs, or segs.
Lymphocytes 1.3 4 x109/L 16-45%
Monocytes 0.2 0.8 x109/L 4.0-10%
Eosinophil granulocytes 0.04 0.4 x109/L 0.0-7.0%
Basophil granulocytes 0.01 0.1 x109/L 0.0-2.0%
Coagulation Platelets 150 400 x109/L Platelets are part of the formation of blood clots
Prothrombin time (PT)[11] 11 13.5 s PT reference varies between laboratory kits – INR is standardised
INR 0.9 1.2 The INR is a corrected ratio of a patients PT to normal
Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) 29 41 s
Thrombin clotting time (TCT) 11 18 s
Fibrinogen 1.8 4 g/L
Bleeding time 2 9 minutes

Posted in Lab TestsComments Off

Blood Test: Clinical Biochemistry Values in Human Physiology and Medicine

UNDER REVIEW AND EDITING: VALUES NOT CONFIRMED
A reference range is a set of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results. The range is usually defined as the set of values 95% of the normal population falls within.

The reference range will vary, depending on the age, sex and race of a population, and even the instruments the laboratory uses to perform the tests. Furthermore, by definition, 5% of the normal population will fall outside the reference range.

  • Items marked with a ** are part of “CHEM-7″ and CHEM-20
  • Items marked with a * are part of “CHEM-20″, but not CHEM-7

r>

Category Test Low High Unit Comments
Electrolytes and Metabolites[3] ** Sodium (Na) 136 145 mmol/L
** Potassium (K) 3.5 4.5 mmol/L
Urea 2.5 6.4 mmol/L ** BUN – blood urea  nitrogen
Urea 7 18 mg/dL
** Creatinine – male 62 115 μmol/L
** Creatinine – female 53 97 μmol/L
** Creatinine – male 0.7 1.3 mg/dL
** Creatinine – female 0.6 1.1 mg/dL
** Glucose (fasting) 3.9 5.8 mmol/L See also glycosylated hemoglobin
** Glucose (fasting) 70 105 mg/dL
Liver function tests * Total Protein 60 80 g/L
* Albumin 35[4] 50 g/L
* Total Bilirubin 2 14 μmol/L
* Direct Bilirubin 0 4 μmol/L
* Alanine transaminase (ALT) 8 40 U/L Also called serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)
* Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 40 130 U/L Higher in children and pregnant women.
* Gamma glutamyl transferase n/a 50 U/L
Other enzymes and proteins Creatine kinase (CK) – male 24[5] 195 U/L
Creatine kinase (CK) – female 24[6] 170 U/L
* Aspartate transaminase (AST) 8 35 U/L Also called serum glutamic oxatoacetic transaminase (SGOT)
* Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 85 285 U/L
Amylase n/a 120[7] U/L
C-reactive protein (CRP) n/a 5[8] mg/L
D-dimer n/a 500 ng/mL
Other ions and trace metals Ionised calcium (Ca) 1.15 1.29 mmol/L Some calcium is bound to albumin, thus not measured by certain techniques.
* Total calcium (Ca) 2.05 2.55 mmol/L
Copper (Cu) 11[9] 24 μmol/L
Chloride (Cl) 98 106 μmol/L
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 18 23 mmol/L
Zinc (Zn) 10 17 μmol/L
Lipids Triglycerides 0.4 2 mmol/L
* Total cholesterol 3 5.0[10] mmol/L
HDL cholesterol (male) 0.7 1.9 mmol/L
(female) 0.9 2.4 mmol/L
LDL cholesterol 2.4 3[10] mmol/L Not valid when triglycerides >5.0 mmol/L.
Tumour markers Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) n/a 10 kU/l
Alpha1-AntiTrypsin (AAT) 20 53 mmol/L 150-350 mg/dL
Beta Human chorionic gonadotrophin (bHCG) n/a 5 IU/l
CA-125 (also CA12.5) n/a 35 U/ml
CA15.3 n/a 28 U/ml
CA19.9 n/a 40 U/ml
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) – non-smokers n/a 3 μg/l
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) – smokers n/a 5 μg/l
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) n/a 4 μg/L
Hormones Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.4 4.7 mIU/L Also called: Thyrotropin
Free thyroxine (FT4) 9 24 pmol/L
Free triiodothyronine (FT3) 2.5 5.3 pmol/L
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 1.3 15 pmol/L
Cortisol (0830 h) 250 850 nmol/L Cortisol levels are higher in the morning than at night.
Cortisol (1630 h) 110 390 nmol/L
Prolactin (male) n/a 450 mIU/L
(female) n/a 580 mIU/L
Testosterone (male) 8 38 nmol/L
(male prepuberty) 0.1 0.5 nmol/L
(female) 0.3 2.5 nmol/L

Posted in Lab TestsComments Off

FITNESS TEST for Department of Sustainable Environment Firefighters Deemed Too Harsh

A FITNESS TEST for firefighters with weight 20kg backpack for Australia’s Department of Sustainable Environment firefighters, has been slammed as too harsh.

But a Herald Sun experiment has shown the test can almost be passed by a young mom and a man in his 50s whose main exercise is watching golf on TV. A student under 18 also managed to complete the task with no training.

The Australian Workers Union has banned the fitness tests for permanent DSE firefighters, but not for hundreds of fire season summer crew contractors, who still have to pass the fitness test.

To pass the test a DSE firefighter must cover 4.8km around an oval track in 42 minutes carrying a 20kg backpack.

AWU state secretary Cesar Melhem said the fitness tests were actually causing DSE firefighter injuries with a disproportionate amount of soft tissue injuries; especially to the shoulders, ankles and knees; with a number of WorkCover claims resulting.

Of course, there is no mention if the Herald Sun article followed their successful non-firefighter test subjects to see if they developed soft tissue injuries during subsequent weeks.

See more from the Herald Sun Article
Firefighters Refuse 20 kg Backpack Drill

Posted in FirefightersComments Off

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